pen knife!

pen knife

Comprehensive Analysis

1) "Pen" -- As to pen knife 1pen Pronunciation: 'pen Function: transitive verb Inflected Form(s): penned; pen·ning Etymology: Middle English pennen, from Old English -pennian : to shut in or as if in a pen Pronunciation Symbols A pen is a writing instrument which applies ink to a surface, usually paper. Pens range in colors, but are mainly found with black and blue ink. Pens may be categorized by the kind of tip on them. The main modern types are: ballpoint pens fountain pens 1 Superscript text 2 Ergonomic pen era 3 Pens over the years (History of Writing Instruments) 4 External links rollerball pens marker pens Technical pens Space Pens Mechanical pens Ballpoints, fountain pens and gel pens are sometimes erasable—their ink may be erased. A scribes used thin reed brushes or reed pens The Egyptians developed a form of writing with pictures. For writing on papyrus scrolls scribes used thin reed brushes or reed pens. 600-1800 AD A Quill Pen The Europeans found that writing on parchment with a quill pen altered the style of their writing. At first they used capital letters all the time, but later they developed faster styles with small letters. Quill Pens (firstly appeared in Seville, Spain) were the writing instrument from 600 to 1800 AD. 1790s Pencil lead was invented independently in France and Australia. 1800-1850 A metal pen point has been patented in 1803 but patent was not commercially exploited. Steel nibs came into common use in the 1830s. By the 19th century metal nibs had replaced quill pens. By 1850 quill pen usage was fading and the quality of the steel nibs had been improved by tipping them with hard alloys of Iridium, Rhodium and Osmium. 1884 Lewis Edson Waterman, insurance broker invented the first proper fountain pen. 1888-1916 The principle of the ballpoint pen actually dates from the late 19th Century when patents were taken out by John Loud in 1888 for a product to mark leather and in 1916 by Van Vechten Riesberg. However neither of ..." 2) "Knife" -- As to pen knife 1knife Pronunciation: 'nIf Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural knives /'nIvz/ Usage: often attributive Etymology: Middle English knif, from Old English cnIf, perhaps from Old Norse knIfr; akin to Middle Low German knIf knife 1 a : a cutting instrument consisting of a sharp blade fastened to a handle b : a weapon resembling a knife 2 : a sharp cutting blade or tool in a machine 3 : SURGERY 4 -- usually used in the phrase under the knife - knife·like /'nIf-"lIk/ adjective Pronunciation Symbols Traditional Finnish puukko knife A knife is a sharp-edged hand tool used for cutting. A minimal knife is a blade and some method of gripping it. Knives have been used as tools and weapons since the Stone Age. The first known knives were flint or other rock, chipped or ground to an edge, sometimes with a handle. Palaeolithic knives may also have been made from wood, bone or antler, but these materials do not survive in the archaeological record. Advances in smelting and metallurgy have led to blades made of bronze, iron, then steel and more exotic materials. Both materials and designs have changed over time. All cultures use knives as tools. Together with the fork and spoon, the knife has been a ubiquitous eating and cooking utensil in the Western world since at least the Middle Ages. The importance of knives as weapons has declined, but knives are still made and carried for other purposes. The tang is an extension of the blade into the handle. The bolster usually helps to join the blade to the handle and adds greater strength. Some bolsters also may function as a barrier, or handguard, to prevent fingers from slipping onto the blade. A bolster with a definite extension away from the handle often serves as a guard to further protect the hand when using a knife. Common blade features include serrations, coatings, and functional or decorative embellishments, including engraving, opening holes, thumb studs, disks and nail grooves. A fuller, sometimes mistakenly called a blood gutter or blood groove, is a depression along a blade. There is a myth that this promotes bleeding from stabbing wounds. The actual function is to lighten the blade without sacrificing stiffness, and on many knives it is purely decorative. Some knives have a choil where the blade is unsharpened and possibly indented as it meets the handle. A small choil is used to prevent scratches to the handle when sharpening the blade, while a large choil is useful as a forward-finger grip. Handles may be made of any solid material: wood, steel and decorative materials are common. ..." 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